Consistency Models
What Systems Actually Promise
Feb 8, 20267 min read
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Exactly-Once Delivery is Impossible
Exactly-Once Effects are not
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Idempotency
Making Systems Correct Under Retries and Concurrency
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Uncertainty, Timeouts, Retries and Side Effects
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Caching: Performance vs Consistency
Every computing system, no matter how low level or high level, is constrained by the same fundamental problem: fetching data takes time. Computation itself is fast, but fetching data is slow. A modern CPU is extraordinarily fast. But what slows a sys...
Jan 12, 202610 min read
State in a System
Explained through a simple example of a login system
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Scaling & Load Balancing
Horizontal vs vertical scaling and the role of load balancing
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Latency vs Throughput
Why they fight each other
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From Your System to the Cloud
Imagine you’ve built a brilliant new web application. It runs flawlessly on your laptop. But now comes the harder question: how do you make it available to the world? This is the central problem of application deployment, one that has evolved dramati...
Aug 27, 20257 min read